Diet and Exercise for Diabetes Mellitus

Are you people with DiabetesMellitus (DM)?? You have to learn to adjust your diet you can be in control of blood sugar due to diabetes disease can only be controlled by setting the levels of glucose in the blood, by means of diet and exercise in addition to medical treatment.

The purpose of blood glucose control is to eliminate fatigue / DM symptoms and prevent complications, for that we need to set up a healthy diet.

Meal Planning

Its recommended for fine dining with a balanced composition of carbohydrates (60-70%), protein (10-15%), and fat (20-25%). Where appropriate meal with up to 70-75% carbohydrate composition, amount of calories adjusted for growth, nutritional status, age, acute stress and physical activity to achieve a healthy weight. Total cholesterol content of < 300mg/day. The number of fiber ± 25g/day, preferably the type of soluble fiber. Salt intake is restricted when there are Hypertension. Sweeteners can be used sparingly.

How to calculate calories in DM

Skinny : Body Weight x 40-60 calories a day

Normal : Body Weight x 30 calories a day

Obese :  Body Weight x 20 calories a day

Obesity : Body Weight x 10-15 calories a day

To determine the nutritional status by determining the % RBW (relative body weight) with the formula :

RBW = Weight (kg) / Height (cm) - 100 x 100%

Skinny : RBW 90%

Normal : RBW 90-110%

Obese :  RBW >110%

Obesity : RBW >120%

Example : a diabetic patient weight of 50 kg, height 150 cm, then the RBW = 50 / (150-100)x100% = 100%, meaning categorized as normal, if the need calories = 50 (W) x 30 (Normal) = 1500 kcal

Unit rough grip can be made as follows.

Skinny : 2300-2500 kcal

Normal : 1700-1500 kcal

Obese : 1300-1500 kcal

Physical exercise

Recommended regular physical exercise, 3-4 times per week for ± 0,5 hours that are appropriate CRIPE (Continuous, Rhytmical, Interval, Progressive, Endurance training), exercises done continuously without stopping, muscles contracting and relaxing on a regular basis, alternating between fast and slow motion, gradually from slight to more severe exercise gradually and persist within a certain time. Exercises that can be selected are walking, jogging, running, swimming, cycling and rowing. As far as possible reach the target zone or zones of exercise, 75-78% maximal pulse. Maximum pulse rate can be calculated using the following formula:

Pulse Maximum = 220 – age (in years)

Things to note in this physical exercise is not to begin exercising before eating, wearing shoes that fit, must  be accompanied by someone who knows overcome the attacks of hypoglycemia, should always carry candy, carry identification as in the treatment of diabetic patients, and carefully check the foot after exercise.